Install Oracle 12C Release 2 (12.2) on Oracle Linux 7 (OEL7)

This article presents how to install Oracle 12C(12.2) Release 2 on Oracle Enterprise Linux 7 (OEL7).

Read following article how to install Oracle Enterprise Linux 7: Install Oracle Linux 7 (OEL7) (for comfort set 4G memory for your virtual machine before proceeding with Oracle software installation).

Software

Software for 12CR2 is available on OTN or edelivery

Database software

linuxx64_12201_database.zip

OS configuration and preparation

OS configuration is executed as root. To login as root just execute following command in terminal.

su - root

The “/etc/hosts” file must contain a fully qualified name for the server.

<IP-address>  <fully-qualified-machine-name>  <machine-name>

For example.

127.0.0.1 oel7 oel7.dbaora.com localhost.localdomain localhost

Set hostname

hostnamectl set-hostname oel7.dbaora.com --static

Add groups

#groups for database management
groupadd -g 54321 oinstall
groupadd -g 54322 dba
groupadd -g 54323 oper
groupadd -g 54324 backupdba
groupadd -g 54325 dgdba
groupadd -g 54326 kmdba
groupadd -g 54327 asmdba
groupadd -g 54328 asmoper
groupadd -g 54329 asmadmin
groupadd -g 54330 racdba

Add user Oracle for database software

useradd -u 54321 -g oinstall \
-G dba,oper,backupdba,dgdba,kmdba,racdba oracle

Change password for user Oracle

passwd oracle

Packages

Check which packages are installed and which are missing

rpm -q --qf '%{NAME}-%{VERSION}-%{RELEASE}(%{ARCH})\n' binutils \
compat-libcap1 \
compat-libstdc++-33 \
glibc \
glibc-devel \
ksh \
libaio \
libaio-devel \
libX11 \
libXau \
libXi \
libXtst \
libgcc \
libstdc++ \
libstdc++-devel \
libxcb \
make \
nfs-utils \
smartmontools \
net-tools \
sysstat

You can install missing packages from dvd. Just mount it and install missing packages using rpm -Uvh command from directory <mount dvd>/Packages or by using yum install command.

NOTE – I’m using x86_64 version of packages

First option from dvd

rpm -Uvh libaio-devel*.x86_64.rpm
rpm -Uvh ksh*.x86_64.rpm

Second option using yum install command. It requires access to internet.

yum install libaio-devel*.x86_64
yum install ksh*.x86_64

Add kernel parameters to /etc/sysctl.conf

# kernel parameters for 12gR2 installation

fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.shmall = 1073741824
kernel.shmmax = 4398046511104
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
kernel.panic_on_oops=1

Apply kernel parameters

/sbin/sysctl -p

Add following lines to set shell limits for user oracle in file /etc/security/limits.conf

# shell limits for users oracle 12gR2

oracle   soft   nofile   1024
oracle   hard   nofile   65536
oracle   soft   nproc    2047
oracle   hard   nproc    16384
oracle   soft   stack    10240
oracle   hard   stack    32768
oracle   soft   memlock  3145728
oracle   hard   memlock  3145728

Disable firewall

service iptables stop
chkconfig iptables off

Additional steps

Add following lines in .bash_profile for user oracle

# Oracle Settings
export TMP=/tmp

export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=oel7.dbaora.com
export ORACLE_UNQNAME=ORA12C
export ORACLE_BASE=/ora01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/12.2.0/db_1
export ORACLE_SID=ORA12C

PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib;
export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib;

alias cdob='cd $ORACLE_BASE'
alias cdoh='cd $ORACLE_HOME'
alias tns='cd $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin'
alias envo='env | grep ORACLE'

umask 022

if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
    if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
       ulimit -u 16384 
       ulimit -n 65536
    else
       ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
    fi
fi

envo

Directory structure

Create directory structure as user root

ORACLE_BASE – /ora01/app/oracle

ORACLE_HOME – /ora01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1

mkdir -p /ora01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1
chown oracle:oinstall -R /ora01

“OPTIONAL” – In Oracle Enterprise Linux 7 /tmp data is stored on tmpfs which consumes memory and is too small. To revert it back to storage just run following command and REBOOT machine to be effective.

systemctl mask tmp.mount

SSH server

I use it for later connection as user oracle in GNOME using command ssh [email protected] -X. Without it it won’t be possible to run X interfaces like Oracle Universal Installer.

Install ssh server. It should be already installed.

yum install openssh-server

start ssh server

systemctl start sshd

verify it works

systemctl status sshd

Install database software

Let’s start with database software installation as oracle user. Usually I’m connected as user root in GNOME so you need to use ssh.

Connect as user oracle

[[email protected] ~]# ssh [email protected] -X

Let’s start with database software installation as oracle user.

--unizp software it will create directory "database" 
--where you can find installation software

unzip linuxx64_12201_database.zip

--I defined 4 aliases in .bash_profile of user oracle to make 
--administration easier :)

[[email protected] ~]$ alias envo cdob cdoh tns
alias envo='env | grep ORACLE'
alias cdob='cd $ORACLE_BASE'
alias cdoh='cd $ORACLE_HOME'
alias tns='cd $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin'

--run alias command envo to display environment settings
envo
ORACLE_UNQNAME=ORA12C
ORACLE_SID=ORA12C
ORACLE_BASE=/ora01/app/oracle
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=oel7.dbaora.com
ORACLE_HOME=/ora01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1

--run alias command cdob and cdoh 
--to check ORACLE_BASE, ORACLE_HOME 
[[email protected] ~]$ cdob
[[email protected] oracle]$ pwd
/ora01/app/oracle

[[email protected] db_1]$ cdoh
[[email protected] db_1]$ pwd
/ora01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1

--run installation from "database" directory
./runInstall

1. Uncheck checkbox “I wish to receive security updates via My Oracle Support” and then click “Next” button.

2. Ignore following message and click “Yes” button.

3. Select “Create and configure a database” then click “Next” button.

4. Select “Server class” and click “Next” button.

5. Accept default “Single instance database installation” and click “Next” button.

6. Select “Advanced install” to later select more options during database installation and click “Next” button.

7. You can select here type of binaries to install. Once it’s done click “Next” button.

8. Here you should see directories for ORACLE_BASE and ORACLE_HOME for your binaries according to environmental settings. Click “Next” button.

9. Accept default and click “Next” button.

10. Accept default “General Purpose/ transaction Processing” and click “Next” button.

11. Check checkbox “Create as Container database” and enter “Pluggable database name” to add your first container database ORA12C and pluggable database PORA12C1, click “Next” button.

12. Specify more details about your database on 3 tabs where you can define memory settings, character set and if to install sample schema on your database. Once you are happy with your settings click “Next” button.

13. Specify directory where you want to install your database files then click “Next” button.

14. On this page you can register your database in Oracle Enterprise Manager”. Accept default settings and click “Next” button.

15. Check checkbox “Enable Recovery” to specify directory for your recovery area “Recovery area location” and click “Next” button.

16. Specify password for each user or enter the same for all. Once it’s done click “Next” button.

17. Here you can specify OS group for each oracle group. Accept default settings and click “Next” button.

18. Checks are started to verify if OS is ready to install database software.

19. If everything is right click “Install” button. It’s the last moment to come back to each of previous point and make changes.

20. Installation in progress … go play FIFA on PS4 :p

21. Once binaries are installed the last step is to run 2 scripts as user root.

--execute scripts
/ora01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
/ora01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/root.sh

Second script enables to install Oracle Trace File Analyzer (TFA). It’s worth to install it.

23. Installation will continue … but suddenly error occurred

It was problem with listener. I had to start it manually. Once LISTENER is started click “Retry” button and installation should continue

[[email protected] ~]$ lsnrctl start

24. You are lucky 12C installation is completed. Click “Close” button.

25.Another summary with information about “Enterprise manager database express”

26. Try to login as SYS to Enterprise manager Database express 12C .

NOTE – It requires to install flash plug-in and running listener. In addition don’t provide container name to connect.

https://oel7.dbaora.com:5500/em

27. Try to connect to container database as user SYS using sqlplus tool

[[email protected] ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Thu Mar 23 15:51:38 2017
Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit 
Production

SQL>